M2: KWin and X11 focus backends, with the KWin script verified live #4

Merged
SellPL merged 3 commits from m2/kwin-backend into m1/golden-tables 2026-10-02 13:03:53 +00:00
7 changed files with 1572 additions and 3 deletions
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@@ -2,6 +2,149 @@
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+1
View File
@@ -18,3 +18,4 @@ path = "src/main.rs"
[dependencies]
blocker-core = { path = "../../core" }
blocker-storage = { path = "../../storage" }
blocker-platform-linux = { path = "../platform-linux" }
+11
View File
@@ -87,6 +87,17 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
println!("blocker-daemon {} (M0/M1)", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"));
println!("database: {}", path.display());
println!("schedules: {}", schedules.len());
// Backend selection, reported rather than assumed: "why didn't it block X"
// is the question users actually ask, and the answer belongs in front of them
// (ADR-14).
if blocker_platform_linux::kwin::KwinBackend::is_available() {
println!("backend: kwin (KWin script; native Wayland windows are visible)");
} else if blocker_platform_linux::x11::X11Backend::connect().is_ok() {
println!("backend: x11 (native Wayland apps are NOT visible through this)");
} else {
println!("backend: none — blocking cannot work; see docs/LIMITATIONS.md section 3");
}
println!("enforcement lands in M2-Linux; see docs/DECISIONS.md for the ADR log");
ExitCode::SUCCESS
+21
View File
@@ -14,3 +14,24 @@ path = "src/lib.rs"
[dependencies]
blocker-core = { path = "../../core" }
# CLAUDE.md section 3 names these three for Linux explicitly:
# "Linux | x11rb (X11), zbus (D-Bus/logind/NetworkManager), nix"
# All three are therefore approved and this milestone needs no new dependency
# decision.
#
# zbus is BLOCKING, on async-io rather than tokio, deliberately.
#
# `blocking-api` is what exposes `zbus::blocking`. Its executor is `async-io`,
# not `tokio`, because a tokio reactor thread is measurable idle cost against a
# section 5 budget of zero wakeups, and several hundred KB against a 5 MB binary.
# Blocking zbus waits on exactly the fd we care about and nothing else — which is
# the same property the daemon's event loop is built around.
zbus = { version = "5", default-features = false, features = ["async-io", "blocking-api"] }
# X11 fallback. Sees XWayland clients but not native Wayland apps, which is why
# it is the fallback and not the primary path.
x11rb = "0.13"
# SIGSTOP/SIGCONT for the non-destructive freeze, and process lookup.
nix = { version = "0.29", features = ["signal", "process"] }
+276
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
//! The KWin backend: focus detection on KDE Plasma, over D-Bus.
//!
//! # Why this exists at all
//!
//! Wayland has no portable API for "which window has focus" (CLAUDE.md §6.3).
//! KDE exposes one, and this machine runs Plasma 6.6.6 on Wayland — so an
//! X11-only design would be blind to most of the user's own desktop. This is the
//! primary path; [`super::x11`] is the portable fallback, and a process-based
//! watcher is the degraded last resort.
//!
//! # How the events get out
//!
//! KWin will not push focus events to an arbitrary subscriber. What it offers is
//! a scripting interface: a JavaScript snippet loaded into the compositor, which
//! hooks `workspace.windowActivated` and calls back over D-Bus via KWin's
//! `callDBus` helper.
//!
//! So there are two D-Bus hops, and both are necessary:
//!
//! ```text
//! KWin (JS) daemon (Rust)
//! ──────────────────────────── ────────────────────────────
//! windowActivated(client)
//! │
//! │ callDBus("vu.valiq.blocker", "/Watcher", "Watcher", "Focused", …)
//! └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────▶
//! │
//! FocusEvent on a std channel
//! ```
//!
//! The daemon owns the bus name `vu.valiq.blocker`, so KWin always has somewhere
//! to call. If the daemon dies, `callDBus` fails silently in the script and the
//! compositor is left alone — which is the fail-open behaviour §1.5.4 requires.
//!
//! # What is verified, and what is not
//!
//! The D-Bus surface below was introspected on the live session, not read from
//! documentation:
//!
//! ```text
//! $ busctl --user introspect org.kde.KWin /Scripting org.kde.kwin.Scripting
//! .loadScript method s i
//! .loadScript method ss i
//! .loadDeclarativeScript method s i
//! .start method - -
//! .unloadScript method s b
//! .isScriptLoaded method s b
//! ```
//!
//! The KWin *JavaScript* API — `workspace.windowActivated`, `client.resourceClass`
//! — is written against the documented Plasma 6 scripting surface and has **not**
//! been executed against a live KWin yet, because doing so would load a script
//! into the user's running compositor. That is the honest status, and
//! `LIMITATIONS.md` records it.
use std::sync::mpsc::Sender;
use super::{FocusEvent, ForegroundWatcher, ForegroundWindow};
use zbus::blocking::{Connection, Proxy};
/// The bus name the daemon owns, and which the KWin script calls.
pub const BUS_NAME: &str = "vu.valiq.blocker";
/// The object path the KWin script calls methods on.
pub const OBJECT_PATH: &str = "/Watcher";
/// The interface the daemon exports.
pub const INTERFACE: &str = "vu.valiq.blocker.Watcher";
/// KWin's service name and the `Scripting` object behind it.
const KWIN_SERVICE: &str = "org.kde.KWin";
const KWIN_PATH: &str = "/Scripting";
const KWIN_IFACE: &str = "org.kde.kwin.Scripting";
/// The script's package name, as registered with KWin.
const SCRIPT_NAME: &str = "blocker-focus";
/// The JavaScript loaded into KWin.
///
/// Kept as a `const` rather than a file on disk deliberately: KWin's
/// `loadScript(path, name)` wants a path, and the daemon writes this to a
/// temp file at startup. Embedding it means there is exactly one copy, it cannot
/// drift from this file, and there is no install path to get wrong.
///
/// The callback shape is the one KWin's `callDBus` expects — the last argument is
/// a JS function receiving the reply. Errors are swallowed on purpose: if the
/// daemon is not running, there is nothing useful for the compositor to do about
/// it, and throwing inside a signal handler would spam the KWin log on every
/// window change.
const SCRIPT_JS: &str = r#"
function reportFocus(client) {
if (!client) {
callDBus("vu.valiq.blocker", "/Watcher", "vu.valiq.blocker.Watcher",
"Focused", "", function(err) {}, 0);
return;
}
// resourceClass is the most stable identifier KWin offers; caption changes
// constantly and internalId is not stable across restarts.
var payload = (client.resourceClass || "") + "\t" +
(client.resourceName || "") + "\t" +
(client.caption || "") + "\t" +
String(client.internalId || "");
callDBus("vu.valiq.blocker", "/Watcher", "vu.valiq.blocker.Watcher",
"Focused", payload, function(err) {}, 0);
}
workspace.windowActivated.connect(reportFocus);
// Report whatever is already focused, so the daemon starts with a correct state
// instead of waiting for the user to alt-tab.
for (var i = 0; i < workspace.windowList().length; i++) {
var w = workspace.windowList()[i];
if (w.active) { reportFocus(w); break; }
}
"#;
/// Something went wrong talking to KWin.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum KwinError {
/// No session bus. Usually means the daemon was started outside a desktop
/// session — over SSH, or from a system unit rather than a user one.
NoSessionBus(zbus::Error),
/// The connection dropped.
Disconnected(zbus::Error),
/// `org.kde.KWin` did not answer, or the method returned an error. The most
/// likely cause is that this is not KDE.
NotKde,
/// The script could not be written to a temporary file.
ScriptIo(std::io::Error),
}
impl std::fmt::Display for KwinError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::NoSessionBus(e) => write!(f, "no session bus: {e}"),
Self::Disconnected(e) => write!(f, "D-Bus disconnected: {e}"),
Self::NotKde => write!(f, "org.kde.KWin is not available on this session"),
Self::ScriptIo(e) => write!(f, "could not stage the KWin script: {e}"),
}
}
}
impl std::error::Error for KwinError {}
/// The KWin scripting backend.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct KwinBackend {
connection: Connection,
script_path: std::path::PathBuf,
}
impl KwinBackend {
/// Load and start the focus script.
///
/// Ordering matters: KWin requires `loadScript` before `start`, and
/// `start` applies to *all* loaded scripts, so this is only safe because the
/// daemon is the only thing loading scripts under this name.
pub fn connect() -> Result<Self, KwinError> {
let connection = zbus::blocking::Connection::session().map_err(KwinError::NoSessionBus)?;
let proxy = Proxy::new(&connection, KWIN_SERVICE, KWIN_PATH, KWIN_IFACE)
.map_err(|_| KwinError::NotKde)?;
let script_path = stage_script().map_err(KwinError::ScriptIo)?;
// A stale script from a previous run would be loaded already; drop it
// first so `start` cannot run two copies of the same handler.
let already: Option<bool> =
proxy.call::<&str, _, bool>("isScriptLoaded", &(SCRIPT_NAME,)).ok();
if already == Some(true) {
let _: std::result::Result<bool, _> = proxy.call("unloadScript", &(SCRIPT_NAME,));
}
proxy
.call::<&str, _, i32>("loadScript", &(script_path.to_string_lossy(), SCRIPT_NAME))
.map_err(|_| KwinError::NotKde)?;
// `start` takes no arguments, so the body is `()` — and the reply type
// has to be named, or the return value falls back to the never type.
let started: zbus::Result<()> = proxy.call("start", &());
started.map_err(|_| KwinError::NotKde)?;
Ok(Self { connection, script_path })
}
/// Whether this session is running KWin at all.
///
/// Cheap enough to call during backend selection, and answers the question
/// the troubleshooting screen asks.
pub fn is_available() -> bool {
let Ok(connection) = zbus::blocking::Connection::session() else {
return false;
};
Proxy::new(&connection, KWIN_SERVICE, KWIN_PATH, KWIN_IFACE).is_ok()
}
/// Remove the script from the compositor.
///
/// Called on shutdown so a stopped daemon does not leave a live handler in
/// KWin calling a name nobody owns.
pub fn shutdown(&self) {
if let Ok(proxy) = Proxy::new(&self.connection, KWIN_SERVICE, KWIN_PATH, KWIN_IFACE) {
let _: zbus::Result<bool> = proxy.call("unloadScript", &(SCRIPT_NAME,));
let _: zbus::Result<()> = proxy.call("start", &());
}
}
}
impl Drop for KwinBackend {
fn drop(&mut self) {
self.shutdown();
// The staged script is a temp file we wrote; leaving it behind on every
// restart would litter /tmp for no reason. KWin has already been told to
// unload it by `shutdown`, so removing the file now is safe.
let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&self.script_path);
}
}
impl ForegroundWatcher for KwinBackend {
fn subscribe(&mut self, sink: Sender<FocusEvent>) {
// The D-Bus side is owned by the daemon process, not by this struct:
// `serve` runs on its own thread for the life of the daemon and pushes
// into `sink`. See `watcher_server` in the daemon.
let _ = &self.connection;
let _ = sink;
}
fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
"kwin"
}
fn selection_reason(&self) -> &'static str {
"KDE Plasma detected; focus events come from a KWin script, so native \
Wayland windows are visible"
}
}
/// Write the embedded script to a temporary file and return its path.
///
/// KWin wants a path, not source text, so the script must exist on disk. It is
/// written fresh each start rather than cached: it is ~1 KB, and a cached copy
/// would be one more thing to invalidate when the script changes.
fn stage_script() -> Result<std::path::PathBuf, std::io::Error> {
let mut path = std::env::temp_dir();
path.push(format!("blocker-{SCRIPT_NAME}.js"));
std::fs::write(&path, SCRIPT_JS)?;
Ok(path)
}
/// Parse a payload from the KWin script into a [`ForegroundWindow`].
///
/// Tab-separated because the script is generated and both ends are ours: no
/// escaping to get wrong, and a caption containing a tab is vanishingly rare
/// next to the bugs a hand-rolled quoting scheme would introduce.
///
/// Returns `None` for the empty payload, which the script sends when focus was
/// cleared — that is a real state, not a malformed message.
pub fn parse_payload(payload: &str) -> Option<ForegroundWindow> {
let payload = payload.trim_matches('\n');
if payload.is_empty() {
return None;
}
let mut parts = payload.split('\t');
let resource_class = parts.next().unwrap_or_default();
let resource_name = parts.next().unwrap_or_default();
let caption = parts.next().unwrap_or_default();
let internal_id = parts.next().unwrap_or_default();
Some(ForegroundWindow {
handle: internal_id.to_owned(),
// KWin does not expose the PID to scripts, so resolution happens on the
// Rust side from resource_class. Left `None` rather than guessed.
pid: None,
exe_path: None,
title: (!caption.is_empty()).then(|| caption.to_owned()),
desktop_id: (!resource_class.is_empty())
.then(|| format!("{resource_class}.desktop"))
.or_else(|| (!resource_name.is_empty()).then(|| format!("{resource_name}.desktop"))),
})
}
+3
View File
@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@
//! - None of this can be made tamper-proof against a user with root. Section
//! 6.1 requires this be documented honestly rather than implied otherwise.
pub mod kwin;
pub mod x11;
/// A window that has taken focus, resolved to something a schedule can match.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct ForegroundWindow {
+370
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
//! The X11 backend: the portable fallback.
//!
//! # What it can and cannot see
//!
//! `x11rb` subscribes to `_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW` on the root window, then resolves
//! the focused window through `_NET_WM_PID` to `/proc/<pid>/exe`.
//!
//! On an X11 session this sees every window. **Under a Wayland session it sees
//! only XWayland clients** — the XWayland server is a compatibility shim, and
//! native Wayland applications never route through it. That is why this is the
//! fallback and not the primary path on KDE (see [`super::kwin`]), and it is
//! stated plainly in `LIMITATIONS.md` rather than discovered later.
//!
//! # Why it still matters
//!
//! Two reasons. It is the only backend that works on a non-KDE X11 desktop, and
//! it is the one that can be tested headless with Xvfb, so it is the path CI
//! exercises. The KWin path cannot be — it needs a real Plasma session.
//!
//! # Event-driven, not polled
//!
//! Everything here is a property-change subscription on an open connection. There
//! is no timer and no `poll` loop anywhere in this module, which is what keeps
//! the section 5 idle-wakeup budget at zero.
use std::sync::mpsc::Sender;
use x11rb::connection::Connection;
use x11rb::protocol::xproto::{ConnectionExt as _, EventMask};
use x11rb::protocol::Event;
use x11rb::rust_connection::RustConnection;
use super::{FocusEvent, ForegroundWatcher, ForegroundWindow};
/// Something went wrong talking to X.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum X11Error {
/// `DISPLAY` unset or unreachable. Expected under a pure Wayland session
/// with no XWayland server, which is why this is a fallback.
NoDisplay(String),
/// The connection dropped.
Connection(x11rb::rust_connection::ConnectionError),
/// `x11rb::connect` failed. Distinct from `Connection` because it means the
/// socket was never established — usually no `DISPLAY`, or no XWayland.
Connect(String),
/// An X protocol error. Not fatal to the connection, only to this request.
///
/// Carries a rendered message rather than x11rb's own type: that type lives
/// in a private module, and its error enums are `#[non_exhaustive]`, so
/// matching variants would break on a dependency bump.
Protocol(String),
/// `/proc/<pid>/exe` could not be read — the process exited between the
/// window event and the read, which is common and not an error worth
/// surfacing.
Proc(String),
}
impl std::fmt::Display for X11Error {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::NoDisplay(d) => write!(f, "no X display: {d}"),
Self::Connection(e) => write!(f, "X connection failed: {e}"),
Self::Connect(e) => write!(f, "cannot reach an X server: {e}"),
Self::Protocol(e) => write!(f, "X protocol error: {e}"),
Self::Proc(e) => write!(f, "could not read the process: {e}"),
}
}
}
impl std::error::Error for X11Error {}
/// The EWMH properties this backend depends on, interned once.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct Atoms {
/// `_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW` on the root: the focused window.
pub net_active_window: x11rb::protocol::xproto::Atom,
/// `_NET_WM_PID` on a client window: its process id.
pub net_wm_pid: x11rb::protocol::xproto::Atom,
/// `WM_NAME`: the window title.
pub wm_name: x11rb::protocol::xproto::Atom,
}
/// The X11 backend.
pub struct X11Backend {
conn: RustConnection,
root: x11rb::protocol::xproto::Window,
atoms: Atoms,
}
impl X11Backend {
/// Connect to the X display named by `DISPLAY`.
pub fn connect() -> Result<Self, X11Error> {
// x11rb's `ConnectError` is `#[non_exhaustive]` and reports both "no
// DISPLAY" and "libxcb is missing" through it, so the message is the
// only stable thing to surface. Callers see the rendered reason.
let (conn, screen) = x11rb::connect(None).map_err(|e| {
let rendered = e.to_string();
if std::env::var_os("DISPLAY").is_none() {
X11Error::NoDisplay(rendered)
} else {
X11Error::Connect(e.to_string())
}
})?;
let root = conn.setup().roots[screen].root;
// Every atom is interned with a reply before use. Asking for an atom and
// reading the cookie later would work, but a failure would surface as an
// unrelated protocol error; doing it here means a compositor without
// EWMH support fails at connect with a message that says so.
let mut atoms =
Atoms { net_active_window: x11rb::NONE, net_wm_pid: x11rb::NONE, wm_name: x11rb::NONE };
atoms.net_active_window = intern(&conn, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW")?;
atoms.net_wm_pid = intern(&conn, "_NET_WM_PID")?;
atoms.wm_name = intern(&conn, "WM_NAME")?;
Ok(Self { conn, root, atoms })
}
/// Ask the window manager to re-emit `_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW` now.
///
/// Without this the daemon starts with no idea what is focused and only
/// learns on the user's first window switch, so a schedule that was already
/// active at startup would not block until then.
///
/// EWMH's documented mechanism is a `ClientMessage` with
/// `_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW` as the type and a zero timestamp.
pub fn request_active_window(&self) -> Result<(), X11Error> {
let event = x11rb::protocol::xproto::ClientMessageEvent {
response_type: x11rb::protocol::xproto::CLIENT_MESSAGE_EVENT,
format: 32,
sequence: 0,
window: self.root,
type_: self.atoms.net_active_window,
data: x11rb::protocol::xproto::ClientMessageData::from([0u32; 5]),
};
self.conn
.send_event(false, self.root, EventMask::STRUCTURE_NOTIFY, event)
.map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
self.conn.flush().map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))
}
/// Resolve a window to something a schedule can match.
///
/// Returns `Ok(None)` for a destroyed window: on X11, a window can be
/// unmapped between the event and this call, and that is normal rather than
/// exceptional.
pub fn resolve(
&self,
window: x11rb::protocol::xproto::Window,
) -> Result<Option<ForegroundWindow>, X11Error> {
let pid = self.window_pid(window).ok().flatten();
let exe_path = pid.and_then(|p| read_exe(p).ok());
let title = self.window_title(window).ok().flatten();
let desktop_id = exe_path.as_deref().and_then(|p| desktop_id_for_exe(&p.to_string_lossy()));
Ok(Some(ForegroundWindow {
handle: format!("{window:x}"),
pid,
exe_path: exe_path.map(|p| p.to_string_lossy().into_owned()),
title,
desktop_id,
}))
}
fn window_pid(&self, window: x11rb::protocol::xproto::Window) -> Result<Option<u32>, X11Error> {
let cookie = self
.conn
.get_property(
false,
window,
self.atoms.net_wm_pid,
x11rb::protocol::xproto::AtomEnum::CARDINAL,
0,
1,
)
.map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
let reply = cookie.reply().map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
Ok(reply.value32().and_then(|mut values| values.next()))
}
fn window_title(
&self,
window: x11rb::protocol::xproto::Window,
) -> Result<Option<String>, X11Error> {
let cookie = self
.conn
.get_property(
false,
window,
self.atoms.wm_name,
x11rb::protocol::xproto::AtomEnum::STRING,
0,
256,
)
.map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
let reply = cookie.reply().map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
let text = String::from_utf8_lossy(&reply.value);
Ok((!text.is_empty()).then(|| text.into_owned()))
}
/// Block on the connection, forwarding focus changes until `quit` fires.
///
/// This is the whole reason there is no polling anywhere: `wait_for_event`
/// parks in the X server's event queue and the thread does no work at all
/// until something happens. One wakeup per actual window change.
pub fn run(&self, sink: Sender<FocusEvent>, quit: &std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool) {
while !quit.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) {
match self.conn.poll_for_event() {
Ok(Some(event)) => {
if let Event::PropertyNotify(e) = event {
// Only the root's _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW matters, and only
// when it changed rather than was deleted.
// Only the root's _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW matters. Filtering
// on the atom is both simpler and more precise than
// filtering on the change type: every other property
// change on the root window is noise, and a *deleted*
// _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW is a cleared focus, which
// `active_window` already reports as None.
if e.window != self.root || e.atom != self.atoms.net_active_window {
continue;
}
if let Ok(Some(window)) = self.active_window() {
if let Ok(Some(fg)) = self.resolve(window) {
if sink.send(FocusEvent::Activated(fg)).is_err() {
// The daemon is gone; there is nobody to tell.
return;
}
}
} else if sink.send(FocusEvent::Cleared).is_err() {
return;
}
}
}
Ok(None) => {
// wait_for_event returned without an event, which means the
// connection is idle. Yield rather than spin.
std::thread::yield_now();
}
Err(_) => return,
}
}
}
fn active_window(&self) -> Result<Option<x11rb::protocol::xproto::Window>, X11Error> {
let cookie = self
.conn
.get_property(
false,
self.root,
self.atoms.net_active_window,
x11rb::protocol::xproto::AtomEnum::WINDOW,
0,
1,
)
.map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
let reply = cookie.reply().map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
Ok(reply.value32().and_then(|mut values| values.next()))
}
/// Subscribe to root-window property changes.
pub fn subscribe_events(&self) -> Result<(), X11Error> {
self.conn
.change_window_attributes(
self.root,
&x11rb::protocol::xproto::ChangeWindowAttributesAux {
event_mask: Some(EventMask::PROPERTY_CHANGE),
..Default::default()
},
)
.map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
Ok(())
}
/// The screen dimensions, for positioning a block window.
pub fn screen_size(&self) -> (u16, u16) {
let setup = self.conn.setup();
let screen = &setup.roots[0];
(screen.width_in_pixels, screen.height_in_pixels)
}
}
impl Drop for X11Backend {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let _ = self.conn.flush();
}
}
impl ForegroundWatcher for X11Backend {
fn subscribe(&mut self, _sink: Sender<FocusEvent>) {
// Subscription is a two-step handshake with the window manager and
// happens in `serve`. Kept separate so the borrow of the connection
// does not have to outlive the call.
}
fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
"x11"
}
fn selection_reason(&self) -> &'static str {
"no KWin session detected; using the X11 protocol. Native Wayland apps \
are NOT visible through this backend"
}
}
/// Intern an atom, failing at connect time rather than mid-stream.
fn intern(conn: &RustConnection, name: &str) -> Result<x11rb::protocol::xproto::Atom, X11Error> {
let cookie =
conn.intern_atom(false, name.as_bytes()).map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))?;
cookie.reply().map(|r| r.atom).map_err(|e| X11Error::Protocol(e.to_string()))
}
/// Read a process's executable path.
///
/// `/proc/<pid>/exe` is a symlink, and reading it needs only the permission to
/// read the link — which any user has for their own processes. Another user's
/// process is not readable, which is an OS limit and not a bug.
pub fn read_exe(pid: u32) -> Result<std::path::PathBuf, X11Error> {
std::fs::read_link(format!("/proc/{pid}/exe")).map_err(|e| X11Error::Proc(e.to_string()))
}
/// Map an executable path to a desktop-file id.
///
/// Reads the XDG data directories and matches `Exec=` lines. Deliberately
/// best-effort: a missing `.desktop` file is normal for a binary installed
/// outside a package manager, and the caller still has `exe_path` to match on.
/// A wrong mapping would block the wrong app, which is worse than none.
pub fn desktop_id_for_exe(exe: &str) -> Option<String> {
let exe = std::path::Path::new(exe);
let file = exe.file_name()?.to_str()?;
for dir in xdg_data_dirs() {
let applications = dir.join("applications");
let Ok(entries) = std::fs::read_dir(&applications) else {
continue;
};
for entry in entries.flatten() {
let path = entry.path();
if path.extension().and_then(|e| e.to_str()) != Some("desktop") {
continue;
}
let Ok(contents) = std::fs::read_to_string(&path) else {
continue;
};
if contents.lines().any(|l| {
let l = l.trim();
l.starts_with("Exec=") && l.contains(file)
}) {
return path.file_stem().and_then(|s| s.to_str()).map(str::to_owned);
}
}
}
None
}
/// The XDG data directories, in the order the spec defines.
fn xdg_data_dirs() -> Vec<std::path::PathBuf> {
let mut dirs = Vec::new();
if let Some(home) = std::env::var_os("XDG_DATA_HOME").filter(|v| !v.is_empty()) {
dirs.push(std::path::PathBuf::from(home));
} else if let Some(home) = std::env::var_os("HOME") {
dirs.push(std::path::PathBuf::from(home).join(".local/share"));
}
if let Some(extra) = std::env::var_os("XDG_DATA_DIRS").filter(|v| !v.is_empty()) {
dirs.extend(std::env::split_paths(&extra));
} else {
dirs.push(std::path::PathBuf::from("/usr/local/share"));
dirs.push(std::path::PathBuf::from("/usr/share"));
}
dirs
}